DV Journal

For another point of view see: Counterpoint: Open Primaries Increase Voter Participation

The right to vote is central to what it means to be an American.  As someone who has been involved in politics and the political process for many years, I have a particular appreciation for the importance of how elections are run in this country.

In his farewell address to the nation, George Washington warned us, among other things, to do our best to avoid what he called “factions,” or political parties.  Despite this guidance from our nation’s first President, almost immediately upon the end of his second term, two political parties emerged to dominate the conversation.  While the names of the parties have changed over time, we have had a two-party system for nearly the entire life of the republic.

One feature of this two-party system, here in Pennsylvania, is the closed primary.  Under the current rules, only voters registered with a given political party are eligible to vote in their Party’s primary, thereby choosing their Party’s candidates to appear on the ballot in the General Election in November.

There has been some recent discussion about opening Primary Elections up to voters who have chosen to not affiliate with either Party by registering Independent or No Party. Choosing to register this way is in and of itself a statement on a person’s political beliefs.  However, I believe that deciding to do so, by definition, should preclude you from participating in either the Republican or Democrat primary process.

The argument generally goes that these voters, we’ll call them Independents for sake of conversation, typically align more closely with one Party or another, so they should be permitted to help select the candidates of their preferred Party.

However, if these Independents truly felt a loyalty or strong connection to one Party or another, they should register as such.  Republican candidates should be chosen by Republican voters, and Democrat candidate should be chosen by Democrat voters.  The Parties devote their time, talent, and resources to electing their chosen standard-bearers, and we should not permit non-members to be a part of that process.

I liken it to being a member of any club or an organization.  Your membership in said organization confers upon you certain rights and responsibilities.  You don’t get to cast a vote in a Rotary Club or Homeowners Association in which you aren’t a member, so why should we have a different standard when it comes to choosing candidates for office?

You have every right to choose to not align yourself with either Party, but that choice comes with the consequence that you do not have a voice in the primary election process of either Party.

We welcome and encourage registered Independents who share our values to join our Party. It can only make us stronger.  However, until you are registered with a Party, I do not believe you should have any say in who represents that Party in the November election.

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Should Pennsylvania join the states with open primaries where people with no party affiliation can vote to nominate Democrat or Republican candidates?

That was the question considered at a House State Government Committee hearing Tuesday at Villanova University. State Rep. Chris Quinn (R-Media) is the prime sponsor of a bill that would allow open voting.

“I want all Pennsylvanians to have a role in our democracy and play a part in our primary elections,” said Quinn. “For this reason, I’ve introduced HB 1369, better known as the Open Primaries Bill. As Pennsylvania becomes more and more politically polarized, partisanship has become more relevant than ever in our politics. Primaries are the marquee election that determines who represents us in Washington, Harrisburg, and in our local communities.”

Nearly 1.2 million state residents cannot vote in the primaries because they are registered independent and not affiliated with one of the two major parties, he said.

Reps. Chris Quinn (left) and Craig Staats

John Opdyke, president of Open Primaries, a group that lobbies to convert cities and states to open primaries, was among those who testified. He said the traditional image of independent voters being less engaged is wrong.

“Their levels of engagement are very high,” he said. A recent Arizona State University study analyzed social media and found independent voters are just as engaged as Republicans and Democrats but have more politically diverse networks as far as their contacts, he said.

“I think that giving independents the right to vote in primaries is not just an issue of fairness; in some ways, it’s like laying down a red carpet for those voters that I believe have a really important role to play in American politics right now, given how polarized it’s become, given how divisive. And how the temperature has gone up in many ways. Bringing independents into the equation I think creates much more opportunity of bridging the partisan divide at both the legalization level and the community level.”

Closed primaries decrease turnout in the primaries and decrease turnout in the general election by 20 percent, according to a University of Southern California study, he said.

“This is the norm around the country,” he said of open primaries. Pennsylvania is one of only nine states with closed primaries. However, voters can change their party up to 15 days before a primary to vote in it. And according to an Associated Press poll, 69 percent of voters favor open primaries.

He noted that in 35 percent of Pennsylvania districts only a Democrat or Republican is running in the general election. So the primary determines who represents the voters.

Former Republican State Chairman Alan Novak and T.J. Rooney, former Democratic State Chairman, both testified in favor of the bill.

“From a party perspective, it’s a smart thing to do,” said Novak. In Chester County, where he lives, 18 percent of the voters are independent, with 12 percent statewide. “The swing voters today are independent voters.” And those voters decide close elections. He says he believes candidates should start communicating with them earlier in the process.

Reps. Paul Schemel (left) and Jared Solomon

Rooney said it would be “healthy for democracy” to allow independent voters to vote in primaries.

Jack Wagner, with Ballot PA Vets and Pittsburgh Hires Veterans, also spoke in favor of open primaries, along with Army veteran Marilyn Kelly-Cavotta with Ballot PA Vets, who is also the executive director of veteran and military services at Moravian University. Both said open primaries would benefit veterans.

Wagner, a former Marine who also served as state auditor general said, “I don’t know of any issue in a democracy that is more fundamental than the right to vote.”

Because many veterans identify as Americans rather than as Democrats or Republicans, they tend to register as independent, which prevents them from voting in the primaries, he said.

“How about the veteran who shows up that lost both legs in Iraq or Afghanistan? In a wheelchair and shows up thinking they can vote on the primary election day and they find out they can’t. They’ve just given part of their body to their country by serving their country,” said Wagner.

Wagner added, “The country called on them to serve the country, and they did so. And now they’re being excluded from voting 50 percent of the time (as independents).”

Rep. Paul Schemel (R-Franklin Co.) asked, “If they don’t want to be with either party, why do they want to select that party’s nominee? The general election is to select who serves in the office.” Schemel does not believe it’s the government’s responsibility to fix this problem, but rather it should be up to the political parties.

Rep. Jared Solomon (D-Philadelphia) said he does not have a Republican opponent. “Maybe my unaffiliated voters like me, maybe they don’t…So independents have no say. They have zero say in the process,” said Solomon.

The Open Primaries bill will be taken up by the House State Government Committee before going to the full House for a vote. In the last session, the state Senate passed a similar bill.

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